![]() The volume fraction of smoke produced by black powder combustion is predicted to be of the order of 10 -4. The time variation of the averaged particle radius and volume fraction of smoke is also evaluated by solving the population valance equation (Smoluchowski equation). The predicted nucleation rates of the particles are very fast. The main components of smoke from black powder are K 2CO 3 or K 2SO 4 particles, depending on the sulfur content. Standard classical nucleation theory (CNT) is adopted to estimate the radius and formation rate of the critical nuclei of smoke particles. This determination is based on the partial-equilibrium calculations in which chemical species in the condensed phase are excluded. The precursor molecules for this nucleation process for black powder with 75 wt% of KNO 3 are identified as potassium salts such, K 2CO 3 and K 2SO 4. Smoke formation is modeled as nucleation from gas phase molecules. A simple model for the smoke formation in black powder combustion is developed.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |